This briefing paper discusses PEPFAR and its anti-prostitution pledge. PEPFAR has made anti-retroviral treatment (ART) available for many people, including sex workers. However, PEPFAR funding contracts with organisations specify that a certain amount of this money be spent on abstinence programming. Contracts include a clause that the organisation accepting funding is opposed to prostitution. This has been called the 'anti-prostitution pledge' or 'anti-prostitution loyalty oath'. A 3 page summary of this briefing paper is also available.